87 108MHz FM Wireless Microphone

This FM wireless microphone is easy to build and has a useful range of transmission (over 300 meters outdoors). Despite its small number of components and an operating voltage of 3V to easily penetrate over three floors of an apartment building. You can tune anywhere on the FM band (87-108MHz) and its transmissions can be picked up at any point of view of the FM receiver.

The coil (L1) should be approximately 3 mm in diameter, 5 turns 0.61 mm copper wire. You can vary the Tx frequency by simply adjusting the distance between the coils. The antenna should be a half wavelength or quarter-time (100 MHz, 150 cm or 75 cm).

Parts list:

• T1,T2,T3: 2N2222 transistor
• R1: 10k 5%
• R2: 33k lin.
• R3: 12k 5%
• R4: 5.6k 5%
• R5: 2.2k 5%
• R6,R8: 47k 5%
• R7: 470 ohms 5%
• R9: 180 ohms 5%
• C1,C2: 47nF
• C3: 1nF
• C4: 33pF
• C5: 5.6pF
• C6: 8.2pF
• C7: 10nf
• L1: 3mm in diameter with 5 turns 0.61 mm copper wire
• K1: SPDT toggle switch
• Other parts: 2 AA battery holder, Electret microphone, antenna wire

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Speaker to microphone converter Diagram Circuit

Description.
This circuit is a simple approach for converting a loud speaker into a microphone. When the sound waves fall on the diaphragm of a speaker, there will be fluctuations in the coil and there will be a small proportional induced voltage. Usually this induced voltage is very low in magnitude and useless. Here in the circuit the low voltage is amplified using transistors to produce a reasonable output. The transistor Q1 is wired in common base mode and produces the required voltage gain. The transistor Q2 is wired as an emitter follower to produce enough current gain. The voice quality of this circuit will not be as much as a conventional microphone but quite reasonable quality can be obtained. To set up the circuit, keep the preset R2 at around 10 Ohms and connect the battery. Now adjust R2 to obtain the optimum sound quality.

Circuit diagram with Parts list.


Notes.

• Assemble the circuit on a general purpose PCB.
• Power the circuit from a 9 V PP3 battery.
• A 3 inch speaker can be used as K1.
• All capacitors must be rated at least 15V.
• An 8 Ohm speaker or head phone can be connected at the output to hear the picked sound.
  

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Loudspeaker as a Microphone

This circuits allows you to use a cheap loudspeaker as a microphone. Sound waves reaching the speaker cone cause fluctuations in the voice coil. The voice coil moving in the speakers magnetic field will produce a small electrical signal.

The circuit is designed to be used with an operating voltage between 6 and 12 volts dc. The first transistor operates in common base mode. This has the advantage of matching the low input impedance of the speaker to the common base stage, and secondly has a high voltage gain. The second stage is direct coupled and operates in emitter follower. Voltage gain is slightly less than unity, but output impedance is low, and will drive long cables.

Speech quality is not as good compared to an ordinary or ECM microphone, but quite acceptable results can be obtained. Speaker cones with diameters of 1 inch to 3 inches may be used. Speaker impedance may be 4 ohm to 64 ohm. The 8.2 ohm resistor value may be changed to match the actual speakers own impedance.

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